Sources Used in Current Review
Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 21st ed. McPherson R, Pincus M, eds. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier: 2007, pp 733-737.
Pagana K, Pagana T. Mosby's Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests. 3rd Edition, St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2006, pp 441-443.
Levin, M. (Updated March 9, 2007) Prothrombin Time (PT). MedlinePlus Encyclopedia. Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003652.htm. Accessed August 2008.
(Updated May 29, 2007) Prothrombin Time. Massachusetts General Hospital, Pathology Service. Available online at http://www.massgeneral.org/pathology/coagbook/co004400.htm through http://www.massgeneral.org. Accessed August 2008.
(June 2008) Ansell J, et al. Pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest. 2008 Jun;133(6 Suppl):160S-198S. Available online at
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18574265?ordinalpos=4&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum through http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Accessed August 2008.
Heart Rhythm Society. Patient Information, International Normalized Ratio. PDF available for download at http://www.heartrhythmfoundation.org/a-fib/INR_FINAL.pdf through http://www.heartrhythmfoundation.org. Accessed August 2008.
University of Alabama at Birmingham Coagulation Service. Bleeding Guidelines. Available online at http://coag.path.uab.edu/bleeding.htm. Accessed August 2008.
Sources Used in Previous Reviews
Thomas, Clayton L., Editor (1997). Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA [18th Edition].
Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (2001). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 5th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO.
(2001). International Normalized Ratio (INR). University Pathology Consortium [On-line handbook]. Available online at http://www.medicine.uiowa.edu/path_handbook/upcmd/01025/inr.html through http://www.medicine.uiowa.edu.
(2000-2004) INR. Northwest Cardiovascular Associates, S.C. [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.nwcardio.com through http://www.nwcardio.com.
Brose, M. (2003 June 1). Prothrombin time (PT). MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003652.htm
Brooke Huffman, G. (2001 April 15). Management of Patients Taking Warfarin. American Family Physician, Tips from other Journals [On-line journal]. Available online at http://www.aafp.org/afp/20010415/tips/5.html through http://www.aafp.org.
Walling, A. (2003 February 15). Optimal Anticoagulation: Determining the Safest INR. American Family Physician, Tips from other Journals [On-line journal]. Available online at http://www.aafp.org/afp/20030215/tips/22.html through http://www.aafp.org.
Miller, K (2003 September 15). Warfarin Management with Mild Elevation of INR. American Family Physician, Tips from other Journals [On-line journal]. Available online at http://www.aafp.org/afp/20030915/tips/6.html through http://www.aafp.org.
Sadovsky, R. (2002 February 15). Factors Affecting the Delay in Return of Therapeutic INR Level. American Family Physician, Tips from other Journals [On-line journal]. Available online at http://www.aafp.org/afp/20020215/tips/12.html through http://www.aafp.org.
Horton, J. and Bushwick, B. (1999 February 1). Warfarin Therapy: Evolving Strategies in Anticoagulation. American Family Physician, Clinical Pharmacology [On-line journal]. Available online at http://www.aafp.org/afp/990201ap/635.html through http://www.aafp.org.